Key Points
- Wild cats show similarities to house cats, except they are larger and more powerful.
- Many flourish in wet and dry environments all over the world.
- Wild cats are elusive and stealthy hunters.
Lions, tigers, and jaguars are the best-known big cat breeds. However, most members of the Felid family are small wild cats that weigh under 50 pounds. Many types of wild cats prowl the forests, mountains, and jungles of the world. They vary in size, habitat, and fur type, but they share many traits. These wild felines are just as graceful and powerful as their larger cousins.
As of 2017, there are 41 recognized species of wild cats. Here are 10 of the world’s most unusual, stunning wild cats and some interesting facts about each.
1. Ocelot: Spotted Beauty
The ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) is one of the most beautiful wild cats in the world. This medium-size cat can weigh up to 33 pounds and grows to about 3 ½ feet long. It has a stunning, thick coat with dark spots that make it look like a miniature leopard. The ocelot has an extensive range that extends from the southwestern part of North America into South and Central America. An excellent swimmer, climber, and runner, the ocelot is an almost perfect predator.
As a nocturnal animal, Ocelots tend to be shy and hides away during the day. Their excellent eyesight allows them to hunt and stalk prey in the dark, and they communicate with other ocelots through quiet meows. They mostly hunt small animals on the ground but have also been know to attack monkeys, turtles, anteaters, and even undersized deer
This lovely cat (Felis nigripes) is the smallest wild cat in Africa and one of the smallest wild cats in the world. In size and shape, it looks strikingly like a domestic cat. The black-footed cat has adapted to its habitat with furry feet that protect it from the hot sand. This cat has a reputation for fierceness, and it is considered the most successful hunter of all cats. It is an excellent climber and can jump 5 feet into the air.
3. Sand Cat: Tiny Desert Dweller
One of the smallest of all the big cat breeds, the sand cat (Felis margarita) looks like a cute, cuddly domestic cat, but it thrives in a harsh desert habitat. It has an average weight of 6 to 8 pounds. Like the fennec fox, the sand cat is a psammophile, which is an animal that thrives in the sand. It is native to the deserts, grasslands, and rocky valleys of the Middle East and North Africa. The temperatures where it lives are extreme. By day, they can reach 126 degrees Fahrenheit, but they drop to 23 degrees at night.
4. Snow Leopard: Mountain Mystery
The snow leopard (Pantera uncia) is one of the most mysterious of the wild cats. These gorgeous cats are known for their snowy, spotted coats and bright blue eyes. Because they’re elusive cats who live high in remote mountains, we know less about these than we do other types of wild cats. The snow leopard lives in the mountains of Central Asia at altitudes of 11,000 to 22,000 feet. It also hunts in the forests and grasslands at lower elevations.
5. Fishing Cat: Skilled Swimmer
The fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) is native to Southeast Asia. The fishing cat stands out among other types of wild cats because it is a strong, skilled swimmer. It reaches a length of 4 feet and a weight of 11 to 35 pounds. The fishing cat gets its name for its ability to swim. Identification of a fishing cat is easy because of its partially webbed feet and thick, waterproof undercoat. These adaptations allow the fishing cat to swim well, even underwater. Most of its diet is fish, and it also eats small rodents.
6. Rusty-Spotted Cat: Smallest of the Big Cat Breeds?
This fierce little feline (Prionailurus rubiginosus) is native to India, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. This nocturnal feline may be the smallest wild cat in the world. Measuring under 2 feet in length, it looks like a tiny leopard with its spots, long tail, and pointed ears. Identification of the rust-spotted cat, as its name implies, is from the rust-colored spots on its fur. With its enormous eyes and tiny size, it looks utterly adorable, but this cat is a skilled predator.
7. Caracal: Exotic Beauty
This unusual wild cat (Caracal caracal) is easy to identify because of its unusual ears with long, hairy tufts. This beautiful wild cat has a lean, elegant body and reddish golden fur. It may be the most beautiful of African big cat breeds. Caracals are native to North Africa and Egypt. There is evidence that the caracal was important culturally to the ancient Egyptians. The caracal stands about 1 ½ to 2 feet tall and weighs from 20 to 45 pounds. Its preferred habitat is dry scrubland and grassland, where it is a deadly predator.
8. Pallas Cat: Small and Fluffy
The Pallas cat (Octolobus manual) is native to the mountains of Asia. Also known as the steppe cat or rock wild cat, it has been spotted in Iran, Pakistan, northern India, and China. Like the snow leopard, it has adapted to life at high altitudes and wintry weather. The Pallas cat, however, is much smaller than a leopard. It grows up to 2 feet long and weighs about 10 pounds. This gorgeous wild cat has a stocky build and thick, fluffy fur. For a cat of small size, it has a wide territory, where it hunts pikas and other small mammals.
9. Jaguarundi: Outstanding Jumper
The jaguarundi (Herpailurus yaguarondi) is slightly larger than a domestic cat. They are native to Mexico, Belize, and other countries in Central and South America. The jaguarundi is a superb jumper who can leap more than 6 feet in the air to catch its prey. It moves swiftly and low to the ground, which allows it to hunt rabbits and small rodents. A jaguarundi weighs 8 to 16 pounds and has a solid brown or gray coat.
10. Iberian Lynx
This beautiful wild cat (Lynx pardinus) has long, tufted ears and fluffy paws. It is native to the mountains of Spain, where it preys on rabbits, rodents, and other small mammals. The Iberian lynx almost became extinct, but a concerted conservation effort reintroduced lynxes that were bred in captivity. It has a fawn-colored coat with dark spots and long legs. An Iberian lynx weighs up to 35 pounds.
Summary Of The 10 Types Of Wild Cats
| Rank | Wild Cat |
|---|---|
| 1 | Ocelot |
| 2 | Black-Footed Cat |
| 3 | Sand Cat |
| 4 | Snow Leopard |
| 5 | Fishing Cat |
| 6 | Rusty-Spotted Cat |
| 7 | Caracal |
| 8 | Pallas Cat |
| 9 | Jaguarundi |
| 10 | Iberian Lynx |
I am broadly interested in how human activities influence the ability of wildlife to persist in the modified environments that we create.
Specifically, my research investigates how the configuration and composition of landscapes influence the movement and population dynamics of forest birds. Both natural and human-derived fragmenting of habitat can influence where birds settle, how they access the resources they need to survive and reproduce, and these factors in turn affect population demographics. Most recently, I have been studying the ability of individuals to move through and utilize forested areas which have been modified through timber harvest as they seek out resources for the breeding and postfledging phases. As well I am working in collaboration with Parks Canada scientists to examine in the influence of high density moose populations on forest bird communities in Gros Morne National Park. Many of my projects are conducted in collaboration or consultation with representatives of industry and government agencies, seeking to improve the management and sustainability of natural resource extraction.
